소스 문의 드립니다. 채택완료

<style>

ul, li {list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0;}
ul {display:flex;}
li {padding:0 5px;}
li.on {animation:jump .4s linear;}
li.test {transform:translate(0, -50%);}
@keyframes jump {
  0% {transform:translate(0, 0);}
  50% {transform:translate(0, -20%);}
  100% {transform:translate(0, 0);}
}

</style>

<ul>
  <li>11</li>
  <li>22</li>
  <li>33</li>
  <li>44</li>
  <li>55</li>
</ul>

<script>

let jumpInterval = setInterval(function() {
    let li = document.querySelectorAll('li');
  let current;
  let target;
  li.forEach(function(el, idx) {
      if (el.classList.contains('on'))
        current = idx;
      el.classList.remove('on');
    
    target = Math.floor(Math.random() * 5);
    while (current == target) {
        target = Math.floor(Math.random() * 5);
    }
  });
  li[target].classList.add('on');
}, 1000);

</script>